Cow Itch Cherry

Scientific name: Malpighia infestissima

POWO Status: Tree

IUCN Red List threat level: Not Evaluated

GPS Location: 17° 42′ 59.59″ N, 64° 49′ 48.83″ W

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Observations:

Phenological Markers – Cow Itch Cherry (Malpighia infestissima)

Common Name: Cow Itch Cherry
Scientific Name: Malpighia infestissima DC.
Family: Malpighiaceae
Origin: Native to the Caribbean, including the Virgin Islands
Form: Shrub to small tree, typically 1–4 meters in height, often with a spreading form

Annual Phenological Cycle

PhenophaseTypical Timing (St. Croix – Lowland Tropical)Field Notes
Leaf FlushMarch – MayNew growth emerges with soft, bright green leaves; appears after early rainfall.
FloweringApril – AugustSmall pink to lavender 5-petaled flowers, often profuse; may occur more than once a year.
Fruit DevelopmentMay – OctoberBright red, cherry-like drupes ripen rapidly; fruit is juicy but acidic and slightly irritating to skin.
Leaf Drop (Partial)January – MarchMay lose some foliage during the dry season, particularly on exposed branches.
DormancyFebruary – March (reduced activity)Growth slows markedly before wet season onset.

Identification Notes

  • Leaves are opposite, simple, and slightly rough to the touch.
  • Flowers attract bees and small butterflies.
  • Fruits are visually similar to Barbados cherry (Malpighia emarginata) but are generally less palatable.
  • The name “Cow Itch” refers to the mildly irritating nature of the leaves or fruit skin in sensitive individuals.
  • Common in dry coastal woodlands, thickets, and disturbed areas.


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