Scientific name: Manilkara zapota

POWO Status: Tree

IUCN Red List threat level: Least Concern

GPS Location: 17° 42′ 56.76″ N, 64° 49′ 43.01″ W

Observations:

Phenological Markers – Mesple (Manilkara zapota)

1. Leaf Behavior
Manilkara zapota is evergreen, with simple, glossy, dark green leaves that are elliptical to oblong in shape.

• Leaf drop is minimal and gradual, occurring individually throughout the year.
• New leaf flushes are subtle, usually appearing in light green clusters at branch tips.

Observation Tips:

• Watch for young leaf emergence, often tied loosely to moisture availability.
• Leaves are tough and leathery, remaining on the tree for extended periods.

2. Flowering
Flowers are small, white to pale cream, and bell-shaped, with a light sweet fragrance.

• They emerge individually or in small clusters in leaf axils.
• Flowering can occur sporadically throughout the year, though spring and early summer (March–June) tend to show more activity.

Observation Tips:

• Monitor leaf axils for buds—flowers are small and easily missed.
• Track bloom frequency and link it with fruiting success.

3. Fruiting
The fruit is round to oval, with a rough brown skin and sweet, grainy brown pulp containing black, glossy seeds.

• Fruits take 4–8 months to mature after pollination.
• Fruiting is often staggered and non-seasonal, though March–August may see heavier loads, especially following rainfall.

Observation Tips:

• Track fruit size and color change—ripe fruits yield slightly to pressure.
• Record natural fruit drop and wildlife interaction, especially birds, bats, or rodents.
• Note that immature fruit contains latex and should not be consumed.

4. Growth Habit
A medium to large evergreen tree, reaching 30–60 feet in height.

• Bark is gray and furrowed, exuding milky latex (chicle) when cut.
• Tree prefers well-drained soils and full to partial sun, with slow to moderate growth.

5. Seasonal Pattern (St. Croix)

• Jan–Mar: Steady canopy, occasional flowering
• Mar–Jun: Flowering and early fruit set
• Jul–Sep: Fruit development
• Oct–Dec: Ripening and harvest
• Year-round: Some flowering and fruiting may occur depending on moisture and maturity