Ylang Ylang tree

Scientific name: Cananga odorata

POWO Status: Tree

IUCN Red List threat level: Least Concern

GPS Location: 17° 42′ 56.76″ N, 64° 49′ 43.01″ W

Observations:

**Phenological Markers – Ylang Ylang Tree (Cananga odorata)**

1. Flowering
Ylang Ylang is renowned for its long, drooping, star-shaped flowers with narrow petals that start out greenish and become bright yellow as they mature. The scent is strongest at night.

In tropical climates like St. Croix, flowering may occur year-round, but often intensifies during or just after the wet season (May–October).
Flowers are typically found on young branches, especially in the upper and mid canopy.
Each flower matures over several days, changing in color and fragrance intensity.

Observation Tips:

Track bud formation, first opening, and color changes over the course of each bloom.
Note time of day fragrance peaks—usually late evening to early morning.
Photograph the tree from below to capture flower silhouette and positioning.

2. Fruiting
Fruits develop as clusters of green to black, oval drupes, often with 6–12 per cluster.

Fruiting follows flowering and may occur several weeks later.
As fruits ripen, they darken to black and contain several seeds each.
Fruits are attractive to birds, aiding seed dispersal.

Observation Tips:

Observe cluster development, color changes, and fruit drop.
Look for fruit-feeding birds, especially in the early morning.

3. Leaf Behavior
The tree is evergreen, with long, glossy, pointed leaves that remain year-round.

New leaf flushes can occur after flowering cycles or in response to rainfall.
Leaf drop is minimal but may increase during drought or stress.

Observation Tips:

Document young leaf emergence, typically lighter green and tender.
Occasional leaf yellowing or tip browning can signal nutrient or water stress.

4. Seasonal Pattern (St. Croix)

May–Oct: Most active flowering and fruiting season
Nov–Apr: Reduced but ongoing flowering possible
Year-round: Fragrance, evergreen canopy, and occasional fruiting